Glucose is necessary in your diet
This is so dumb – no it is not, we 100% know this.
long term depletion of glucose in the liver and body will cause further issues
Yeah, issues like stable blood sugar and stuff.
Glucose is necessary in your diet because its metabolism is necessary to replenish the parts of the TCA cycle required to make ATP which is the main source of energy for the cells in your body
Nope – there are many precursors to ATP, none of which require exogenous glucose.
The body knows this and will go to great lengths to make glucose (to be used by the brain primarily) if theres none available.
No it doesn’t, it makes some glucose, enough to maintain glycogen and blood sugar, and not a huge amount for the brain when ketones are available.
The primary way the body makes glucose from non-carb sources is the conversion of amino acids from muscle protein to glucose in the liver (gluconeogenesis).
That’s not the primary way, lactate/pyruvate/etc are far better precursors to GNG.
The loss of muscle protein eventually leads to muscle weakness and wasting.
A ketogenic diet is extremely muscle sparing. GNG of significant lean body mass tissue only happens in STARVATION, ie when there is no glucose or ketones available.
Furthermore, if you lose the TCA cycle products, you get a buildup of Acetyl-CoA from fat degredation in most of the body tissues.
It’s not “fat degredation”, it’s called cellular respiration, ie – utilising energy.
The body deals with this by combining acetyl-CoA’s to produce ketones (a waste product) and dumping them into the bloodstream.
Ketones overall aren’t a “waste product”, some ketone bodies are an end path and need to be spilled, but for the most part they are a source of energy.
It is true that the brain and heart can adapt to using ketones as energy.
Holy shit – he got something right!
The main difference between ketones and glucose is their pH which is the concern about why ketones should be avoided.
Why is this a concern?
The blood is tightly regulated acid-wise and will produce a counterbalancing base (bicarbonate) if there are too many acidic ketones.
The only time there’s “too many acidic ketones” is in a pathalogical condition called ketoacidosis, and it’s utterly stupid to even conflate ketosis with ketoacidosis, it cries to not knowing the first thing about metabolism.
What happens is that over time of significant ketone production, the body cannot sustain the production of counterbalancing bases and you end up in a keto-acidotic state. If there is slight deviation from normal pH in the blood, this throws off the majority of the body’s organs and you can do some serious damage.
More stupid hyperbole.
I had to look back into my biochem notes from school to look at the situation and you are correct in that ethanol cannot be used to synthesize glucose. Ethanol is converted to acetyl-CoA which is the starting point of the TCA cycle normally used to produce ATP. But consequently, this will push you toward ketone production as stated above. Ethanol also dehydrates and halts gluconeogenesis from occurring (which is why you can get hypoglycemic states in diabetic and low carb diets while ingesting large amounts of alcohol, not to mention hypoglycemia can lead to seizures coma and death). The loss of gluconeogenesis means an exacerbated push towards ketosis because the liver cannot create glucose to replenish the TCA cycle as described above (sorry its circular logic but many of the pathways in the body revolve around cyclic pathways). So ingesting large amounts of alcohol while on a low carb diet not only pushes you toward ketosis but also hypoglycemia.
Basically, don’t be a chronic alcoholic – the fuck this has to do with being ketogenic mystifies me.
TL;DR 1. Ketones are derived from fats to be used elsewhere in the body as energy and this is normal.
Yes.
- In order to use ketones as energy you need some glucose for the infrastructure of the energy cycle.
What? No you don’t.
- If you don’t ingest some carbs, glucose will be made from your muscles.
No it won’t. Glucose is made from every other available source long before the body turns to ripping apart it’s own structural tissue. How stupid does he think the body is?
- Alcohol prevents glucose from being formed. On a low/no carb diet with lots of booze, you can get hypoglycemic which can result in seizure, coma, or death.
It doesn’t PREVENT it, it may blunt it somewhat, but you don’t need much glucose on a low/zero carb diet anyway so this advice is only practical for donut lovers.
- The metabolism of alcohol will lead to ketosis if there isnt sufficient glucose to keep the energy cycle going.
And? What is wrong with ketosis again?
So there you go – your friend is utterly full of shit. I didn’t even study biochem in school and I can tell he’s got everything completely wrong. I think it’s probably a GOOD thing I was never taught what to think, instead sought out the answers for myself…